Covid-19 has impacted the supply and demand status for many industries along the supply chain. In this report a comprehensive analysis of current global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals market in terms of demand and supply environment is provided, as well as price trend currently and in the next few years. Global leading players are profiled with their revenue, market share, profit margin, major product portfolio and SWOT analysis. From industry perspective this report analyses supply chain, including process chart introduction, upstream key raw material and cost analysis, distributor and downstream buyer analysis. This report also includes global and regional market size and forecast, major product development trend and typical downstream segment scenario, under the context of market drivers and inhibitors analysis. According to this survey, the global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals market is estimated to have reached $ xx million in 2020, and projected to grow at a CAGR of xx% to $ xx million in 2027. Segmented by Category Big Molecules Small Molecules Segmented by End User/Segment Non Proprietary Drugs Poprietary Drugs Segmented by Country North America United States Canada Mexico Europe Germany France UK Italy Russia Spain Asia Pacific China Japan Korea Southeast Asia India Australasia Central & South America Brazil Argentina Colombia Middle East & Africa Iran Israel Turkey South Africa Saudi Arabia Key manufacturers included in this survey The Dow Chemical Company Royal DSM Roche Merck and co. Lonza Group GlaxoSmithKlein Evonik Industries Eastman Chemical Clariant Boehringer Ingelheim BASF AstraZeneca Albemarle Corporation Akzo Nobel Abbott

List of Figures

Figure Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Picture
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value CAGR (2020-2027) by Region
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Company, 2020
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share by Company, 2020
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value and Growth Rate (2016-2027)
Figure Product Picture of Big Molecules
Figure Product Picture of Small Molecules
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Category, 2020
Figure Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals in Non Proprietary Drugs
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market: Non Proprietary Drugs (2016-2021)
Figure Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals in Poprietary Drugs
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market: Poprietary Drugs (2016-2021)
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by End User/Segment, 2020
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share by Region (2016-2021)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure China Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Japan Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure United States Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Asia Other Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Canada Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Canada Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Mexico Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Mexico Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Value Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Germany Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Germany Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure France Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure France Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure UK Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure UK Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Italy Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Italy Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Russia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Russia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Spain Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Spain Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Value Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure China Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure China Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Japan Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Japan Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Korea Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Korea Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Southeast Asia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Southeast Asia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure India Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure India Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Australasia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Australasia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Brazil Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Brazil Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Argentina Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Argentina Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Colombia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Colombia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Value Market Share by Country, 2020
Figure Iran Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Iran Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure South Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure South Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Israel Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Israel Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Turkey Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Turkey Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Saudi Arabia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Status (2016-2021)
Figure Saudi Arabia Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Status (2016-2021)
Figure Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Supply Chain Analysis
Figure Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Production Process Chart Analysis
Figure Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Manufacturing Cost Analysis
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Growth Rate Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure China Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Japan Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure Asia Other Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027)
Figure The Dow Chemical Company Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure The Dow Chemical Company Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Royal DSM Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Royal DSM Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Roche Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Roche Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Merck and co. Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Merck and co. Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Lonza Group Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Lonza Group Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure GlaxoSmithKlein Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure GlaxoSmithKlein Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Evonik Industries Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Evonik Industries Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Eastman Chemical Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Eastman Chemical Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Clariant Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Clariant Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Boehringer Ingelheim Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Market Share Globally (2019-2021)
Figure Boehringer Ingelheim Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Market Share Globally (2019-2021)

Table of Contents1 Product Introduction and Overview 1.1 Product Definition 1.2 Product Specification 1.3 Global Market Overview 1.3.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status and Forecast (2016-2027) 1.3.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value CAGR by Region 1.4 Market Drivers, Inhibitors 1.4.1 Market Drivers 1.4.2 Market Inhibitors 1.4.3 COVID-19 Impact Analysis2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Supply by Company 2.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Company 2.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Company 2.3 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Price by Company 2.4 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Production Location and Sales Area of Main Manufacturers 2.5 Trend of Concentration Rate3 Global and Regional Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status by Category 3.1 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Category Introduction 3.1.1 Big Molecules 3.1.2 Small Molecules 3.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Category 3.2.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Category (2016-2021) 3.2.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Category (2016-2021) 3.2.3 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Price by Category (2016-2021) 3.3 North America: by Category 3.4 Europe: by Category 3.5 Asia Pacific: by Category 3.6 Central & South America: by Category 3.7 Middle East & Africa: by Category4 Global and Regional Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status by End User/Segment 4.1 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Segment by End User/Segment 4.1.1 Non Proprietary Drugs 4.1.2 Poprietary Drugs 4.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by End User/Segment 4.2.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by End User/Segment (2016-2021) 4.2.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by End User/Segment (2016-2021) 4.2.3 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Price by End User/Segment (2016-2021) 4.3 North America: by End User/Segment 4.4 Europe: by End User/Segment 4.5 Asia Pacific: by End User/Segment 4.6 Central & South America: by End User/Segment 4.7 Middle East & Africa: by End User/Segment5 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status by Region 5.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Region 5.1.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Region 5.1.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Region 5.2 North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 5.3 Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 5.4 Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 5.5 Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 5.6 Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status6 North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 6.1 North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Country 6.1.1 North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Country (2016-2021) 6.1.2 North America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Country (2016-2021) 6.2 United States 6.3 Canada 6.4 Mexico7 Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 7.1 Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Country 7.1.1 Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Country (2016-2021) 7.1.2 Europe Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Country (2016-2021) 7.2 Germany 7.3 France 7.4 UK 7.5 Italy 7.6 Russia 7.7 Spain8 Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 8.1 Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Country 8.1.1 Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Country (2016-2021) 8.1.2 Asia Pacific Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Country (2016-2021) 8.2 China 8.3 Japan 8.4 Korea 8.5 Southeast Asia 8.6 India 8.7 Australasia9 Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 9.1 Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Country 9.1.1 Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Country (2016-2021) 9.1.2 Central & South America Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Country (2016-2021) 9.2 Brazil 9.3 Argentina 9.4 Colombia10 Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Status 10.1 Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market by Country 10.1.1 Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume by Country (2016-2021) 10.1.2 Middle East & Africa Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value by Country (2016-2021) 10.2 Iran 10.3 Israel 10.4 Turkey 10.5 South Africa 10.8 Saudi Arabia11 Supply Chain and Manufacturing Cost Analysis 11.1 Supply Chain Analysis 11.2 Production Process Chart Analysis 11.3 Raw Materials and Key Suppliers Analysis 11.3.1 Raw Materials Introduction 11.3.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers List 11.4 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Manufacturing Cost Analysis 11.5 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Channel and Distributors Analysis 11.5.1 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Channel 11.5.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Distributors 11.6 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Downstream Major Buyers12 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Forecast by Category and by End User/Segment 12.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume and Sales Value Forecast (2022-2027) 12.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Forecast by Category 12.2.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast by Category 12.2.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast by Category 12.2.3 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Price Forecast by Category 12.3 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Forecast by End User/Segment 12.3.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast by End User/Segment 12.3.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast by End User/Segment 12.3.3 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Price Forecast by End User/Segment13 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Forecast by Region/Country 13.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Market Forecast by Region (2022-2027) 13.1.1 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2022-2027) 13.1.2 Global Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Value Forecast by Region (2022-2027) 13.2 North America Market Forecast 13.3 Europe Market Forecast 13.4 Asia Pacific Market Forecast 13.5 Central & South America Market Forecast 13.6 Middle East & Africa Market Forecast14 Key Participants Company Information 14.1 The Dow Chemical Company 14.1.1 Company Information 14.1.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.1.3 The Dow Chemical Company Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.1.4 SWOT Analysis 14.2 Royal DSM 14.2.1 Company Information 14.2.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.2.3 Royal DSM Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.2.4 SWOT Analysis 14.3 Roche 14.3.1 Company Information 14.3.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.3.3 Roche Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.3.4 SWOT Analysis 14.4 Merck and co. 14.4.1 Company Information 14.4.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.4.3 Merck and co. Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.4.4 SWOT Analysis 14.5 Lonza Group 14.5.1 Company Information 14.5.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.5.3 Lonza Group Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.5.4 SWOT Analysis 14.6 GlaxoSmithKlein 14.6.1 Company Information 14.6.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.6.3 GlaxoSmithKlein Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.6.4 SWOT Analysis 14.7 Evonik Industries 14.7.1 Company Information 14.7.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.7.3 Evonik Industries Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.7.4 SWOT Analysis 14.8 Eastman Chemical 14.8.1 Company Information 14.8.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.8.3 Eastman Chemical Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.8.4 SWOT Analysis 14.9 Clariant 14.9.1 Company Information 14.9.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.9.3 Clariant Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.9.4 SWOT Analysis 14.10 Boehringer Ingelheim 14.10.1 Company Information 14.10.2 Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Product Introduction 14.10.3 Boehringer Ingelheim Fine Pharmaceutical Chemicals Sales Volume, Price, Sales Value and Gross Margin (2019-2021) 14.10.4 SWOT Analysis 14.11 BASF 14.12 AstraZeneca 14.13 Albemarle Corporation 14.14 Akzo Nobel 14.15 Abbott15 Conclusion16 Methodology